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Kubo, Shinji; Iwatsuki, Jin; Takegami, Hiroaki; Kasahara, Seiji; Tanaka, Nobuyuki; Noguchi, Hiroki; Kamiji, Yu; Onuki, Kaoru
JAEA-Technology 2015-028, 32 Pages, 2015/10
JAEA-Technology-2015-028.pdf:23.69MB
JAEA has been conducting a study on IS process for thermochemical hydrogen production in order to develop massive hydrogen production technology for hydrogen society. Integrity of the chemical reactors and concentration technology of hydrogen iodide in HIx solution were studied. In the former study, the chemical reactors were trial-fabricated using industrial materials. A test of 30 times of thermal cycle test under circulating condition of the Bunsen reaction solution showed integrity of the Bunsen reactor made of fluororesin lined steel. Also, 100 hours of reaction tests showed integrity of the sulfuric acid decomposer made of silicon carbide and of the hydrogen iodide decomposer made of Hastelloy C-276. In the latter study, concerning electro-electrodialysis using cation-exchange membrane, sulfuric acid in the anolyte had little influence on the concentration performance. These results suggest the purification system of HIx solution can be simplified. Based on the Nernst-Planck equation and the Smoluchowski equation, proton transport number, water permeance, and IR drop of the cation exchange membrane were formulated. The derived equations enable quantitative estimation for the performance indexes of Nafion membrane and, also, of ETFE-St membranes made by radiation-induced graft polymerization method.
Onuki, Kaoru; Hwang, G.; Shimizu, Saburo
Journal of Membrane Science, 175(1), p.171 - 179, 2000/07
no abstracts in English
Onuki, Kaoru; Hwang, G.; Shimizu, Saburo
Maku Shimpojium '99 Hobunshu, (11), p.37 - 40, 1999/00
no abstracts in English
Chen, J.; Asano, Masaharu; Maekawa, Yasunari
no journal, ,
Electrodialysis is an electrochemical process mainly used for the isolation and concentration of ionic species from aqueous solution. In this study, we develop radiation grafting polymeric ion exchange membranes for application in electrodialysis to remove metal ions in water. Two monomers of styrene derivatives, ethyl styrenesulfonate (ETSS) and chloromethyl styrene (CMS), were grafted onto poly(ethylene-co-tetrafluoroethylene) (ETFE) films by the radiation induced graft polymerization. The ETSS- and CMS-grafted films were easily converted into cation and anion exchange membranes, respectively. The resultant membranes showed similar range of ion exchange capacity (IEC), but the conductivity of the cation exchange membranes was higher than that of the anion exchange membranes with the same IEC level. Furthermore, the membranes with high IEC got the high electrodialysis speed, while those with low IEC had the high removal percent.
Chen, J.; Asano, Masaharu; Maekawa, Yasunari
no journal, ,
Electrodialysis is a green technology for separation of ionic species from aqueous solution and has been used in preparation of drinking water and treatment of waste water. Polymer electrolyte membranes are the most important components in the electrodialysis systems. In this study, we use the radiation grafting technology to preparate the cation and anion exchange membranes. It was found that the ion exchange capacity (IEC) increases with increasing degree of grafting, and the conductivity increases with increasing IEC. However, the conductivity for cation-type membranes is several times higher than for anion-type membranes at the same level of IEC. The cation and anion exchange membranes were tested using a simple electrodialysis cell, in which the maximum percent removal of the cesium ions can be closely reached to 100% using the prepared polymer electrolyte membranes with low IEC.